DESIGNING OF ULTRASONIC SENSOR AND INFRARED SENSOR (IR)
Ultrasonic sensor
An ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves. It uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity.
How Ultrasonic Sensors Work
Ultrasonic sensors work by sending out a sound wave at a frequency above the range of human hearing. The transducer of the sensor acts as a microphone to receive and send the ultrasonic sound. Our ultrasonic sensors, like many others, use a single transducer to send a pulse and to receive the echo. The sensor determines the distance to a target by measuring time lapses between the sending and receiving of the ultrasonic pulse.
How are Ultrasonic Sensors used?
Ultrasonic sensors are used with microcontroller platforms like Raspberry Pi, ARM, PIC, Arduino and Beagle Board. Ultrasonic sensors are also used in obstacle avoidance systems, as well as in manufacturing.
For the past few days we have been learning and understand the function, rule, application and operation of ultrasonic and infrared sensors.
We connected the ultrasonic sensor, servo motors and breadboard with the Arduino with source of battery of 9V and power from a laptop.
Here are some pictures we took with my fellow students while trying to connect the ultrasonic sensor.
Circuit for ultrasonic in Arduino
And this is the circuit diagram of the ultrasonic
Infrared sensor
An infrared (IR) sensor is an electronic device that emits light in order to sense an object in the surroundings
Types of IR Sensor
There are two types of IR sensors are available and they are:
- Active Infrared Sensor – consists of two elements: infrared source and infrared detector
- Passive Infrared Sensor – are basically Infrared detectors. Passive infrared sensors do not use any infrared source and detector.
Connection of IR sensor in arduino and breadboard .